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Drobne et al. used the terrestrial arthropod Porcellio scaber as a test organism for determining the cytotoxic effect of TiO2 NPs (anatase). The animals were exposed to TiO2 NPs of two different sizes (25 nm and 75 nm) in the concentration range 10–1000 μg TiO2/g dry food for 3 to 14 days. No adverse effects, such as mortality, body weight changes or reduced feeding, were observed. In fact, quite the opposite, an enhanced feeding rate, food absorption efficiency and increase in catalase activity were observed. The intensity of these responses appeared to be time- but not dose-dependent. It should also be noted that the concentrations tested in this study were much higher than the predicted concentration (4.8 μg/g soil) at high emission scenario of nano-sized TiO2. Using the same test organism another group showed that exposure to TiO2 NPs induced destabilization of cell membrane in the epithelium of digestive glands isolated from exposed animals. They also showed that this effect can be observed after just 30 minutes of exposure.
The California plaintiff is apparently not the only one concerned about titanium dioxide. The European Union recently banned its use citing concerns about serious health consequences.
You can find titanium dioxide in products like:
Lithopone powder is a versatile and indispensable ingredient in various industries, contributing to the quality, durability, and aesthetic appeal of numerous products. From paints and coatings to plastics and ceramics, its high opacity, UV resistance, and cost-effectiveness make it a preferred choice for manufacturers worldwide. As advancements in manufacturing and formulation techniques continue, lithopone powder is expected to remain a key player in the global pigment market, fulfilling diverse needs and driving innovation across industries.
R-818:
The EU expert panel did not identify an immediate health concern linked to TiO2 when used as a food additive. However, due mainly to uncertainties concerning the safety of TiO2 nanoparticles, the panel concluded that TiO2 as a food additive (E171) could no longer be considered safe.
Titanium dioxide as used in sunscreens is commonly modified with other ingredients to ensure efficacy and stability. Examples of what are known as surface modifier ingredients used for titanium dioxide include stearic acid, isostearic acid, polyhydroxystearic acid, and dimethicone/methicone copolymer.
Although barium sulfate is almost completely inert, zinc sulfide degrades upon exposure to UV light, leading to darkening of the pigment. The severity of this UV reaction is dependent on a combination of two factors; how much zinc sulfide makes up the pigments formulation, and its total accumulated UV exposure. Depending on these factors Lithopone B301, Lithopone B311 powder itself may vary in shade over time, ranging from pure white all the way to grey or even black. To suppress this effect, a dopant might be used, like small amount of cobalt salts, which would be added to the formulation. This process creates cobalt-doped zinc sulfide. The cobalt salts help to stabilize zinc sulfide so it will not have as severe a reaction to UV exposure.
Overall, TiO2 powder suppliers play a vital role in ensuring that industries have access to the high-quality TiO2 powder they need for their various applications. By sourcing and supplying this essential raw material, TiO2 powder suppliers help to drive innovation and growth in industries around the world.
The additives that received a “no safety concern” conclusion based on current estimated dietary exposure are as follows:
All samples (n = 6) were irradiated in a 96 well plate using an LED panel on top for 3 and 6 h before analysis. An identical set of samples were kept in the dark as controls. The temperature was checked and did not go over 37 °C. The intensity of light was also measured and was constant at 19,500.10 lux. (43.33 W in 0.2 m2), about 5 times less than actual solar light intensity on Earth's surface Therefore, these findings are indicative of even greater danger in real life.
④ Ink industry: titanium dioxide is also an indispensable white pigment in advanced ink. The ink containing titanium dioxide is durable and does not change color, has good surface wettability and is easy to disperse. The titanium dioxide used in the ink industry includes rutile and anatase.
Product Name: Lithopone
We’re most often exposed to E171 through the foods we ingest. We find E171 in many food products, like popsicles, ice cream, gum, and more. Another way we ingest E171 is through pharmaceutical drugs. Many pills and capsules contain E171 as an inactive ingredient.